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Charting global economic potential

How do the world’s biggest countries compare?

Mike Co
2 min readSep 4, 2024
Global GDP per capita

The U.S. is extraordinarily dominant in terms of global GDP per capita after decades of rapid growth. Comparing economic prosperity and living standards, the U.S. is unmatched among great nations.

By relative growth, China’s economic ascent has been remarkable as well — yet significantly behind “developed” nations such as Europe or Japan. However, China’s GDP has recently surpassed Europe and is far above Japan in nominal terms.

Nominal GDP for major nations

After its historic tech boom and bust, Japan’s economy has been stagnant — although living standards have stayed fairly high (for older people at least). China’s GDP is currently near $17T while the U.S. is above $27T. What’s remarkable, however, is that the U.S. population is nearly 1/5th of China.

Global population

While China will likely continue to gain dominance in the 21st century (although its population seems to be topping out), population growth shows India will also play a major…

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